The hack squat primarily develops the quadriceps muscle group, located on the front of the thigh. It also engages supporting muscles like the glutes, hamstrings, and calves to a lesser degree. The angled foot placement and fixed movement path emphasize the outer sweep of the quadriceps (vastus lateralis), contributing to overall thigh development and potentially enhancing knee stability. This exercise differs from traditional squats due to the guided movement provided by the machine.
Developing strong quadriceps is essential for various functional movements, including walking, running, jumping, and standing up from a seated position. The hack squat can be a valuable tool for individuals seeking to increase lower body strength and power. Historically, this exercise has been utilized by bodybuilders and strength athletes to achieve hypertrophy (muscle growth) and enhance athletic performance. Its fixed range of motion can be particularly beneficial for those rehabilitating from injuries or needing more controlled movement compared to free weight squats.